False Dilemma Fallacy
Spot the Fallacy Team
Team Content
A false dilemma presents only two options when more possibilities exist.
A false dilemma presents only two options when more possibilities exist.
Why it is a fallacy
A claim needs evidence that connects the reasons to the conclusion. This fallacy skips that connection or replaces it with a shortcut.
Examples
- Either you support this policy or you hate progress.
- We must cut the program or shut down the school.
- If you're not with us, you're against us.
How to respond
- Ask for a third option or middle ground.
- List additional alternatives that were ignored.
- Refuse to accept the forced binary.
Related fallacies
FAQ
Why are false dilemmas persuasive?
They simplify complex choices and create urgency.
How can I respond?
Suggest other options and clarify the full range of possibilities.
References
- Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy (Fallacies)
- Internet Encyclopedia of Philosophy (Logic and Critical Thinking)
- Nizkor Project (Fallacies)